Western Poison Oak
           
          Identification
          
            The plant can grow as a dense shrub in open sunlight or a climbing vine in shaded areas. The 
            three leaflets have scalloped edges resembling the leaves of a true oak and can be bronze,
            bright green, yellow-green or reddish depending on the season. Poison oak can produce 
            greenish-white or tan berries. 
          
          General Poisoning Notes
          
            Western poison-oak (Rhus diversiloba; synonym Toxicodendron diversiloba) is a native shrub 
            found in southwestern British Columbia. This plant contains urushiol, which is highly 
            sensitizing in humans. Reactions can range from mild redness to large areas of oozing lesions 
            and fever. 
          
          Geographic Information
          British Columbia
          Poisonous Plant Parts
          
            All parts of the plant, with the exception of the pollen, anthers, xylem, and epidermis, 
            contain the allergen urushiol. Even in winter, sap from damaged stems causes allergic reactions. 
            Similarly, damage to the root results in dermatitis. 
          
        
        
        
          Poison Ivy
           
          
          Identification
          
            (Rhus radicans; synonym Toxicodendron radicans) is a native shrub or vine found throughout 
            southern Canada. Poison Ivy Grows throughout much of North America including all Canadian 
            provinces except Newfoundland (and the Territories) and all U.S. states except Alaska, Oregon,
            Hawaii and California. The plants can grow as a shrub, up to about 4 feet tall, as a 
            groundcover, or as a climbing vine. The color of poison ivy's three almond-shaped leaflets 
            range from light to dark green and turn bright red in the fall. Poison ivy berries are a 
            grayish-white color. 
          
          General Poisoning Notes
          
            Three recognized varieties are found in various parts of the country (Mulligan and Junkins 
            1977). Urushiol is the allergenic agent found in most parts of the plant. Damage to plant 
            tissues causes the nonvolatile chemicals to be exposed. Humans are often sensitized, with 
            symptoms ranging from mild itchiness and redness to severe oozing lesions with fever. Poison 
            ivy is probably responsible for more cases of plant dermatitis in Canada than any other plant. 
            Urushiol can contaminate clothes, tools, and the fur of domestic animals. Humans can 
            subsequently develop dermatitis from contact. Humans do not contract the dermatitis on first 
            contact, but most people are sensitized the first time. 
          
          Geographic Information
          
            Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island. 
            Quebec, Saskatchewan.
          
          Toxic Parts
          
            All parts, leaves, plant juices.
          
        
        
        
          Poison Sumac
           
          
          Identification
          
            Found in eastern United States as far west as Idaho and in Canada it is a native shrub or 
            vine found in southern Quebec and southern Ontario, poison sumac grows exclusively in very 
            wet or flooded soils, usually in swamps or peat bogs. Poison sumac has compound leaves with 
            7-13 leaflets, and the veins from the leaflets are always red. The plant grows as a shrub 
            and produces fruit that is a small white or gray berry.
          
          General Poisoning Notes
          
            Poison sumac (Rhus vernix; synonymy Toxicodendron vernix) is. The sap of this plant contains
            the allergen urushiol. The chemical is released when plant tissue is damaged. Humans are
            highly sensitive to allergic reaction, although at least one exposure is needed for 
            sensitization. Mild to severe dermatitis can result from exposure to poison sumac.
          
          Geographic Information
          
            Ontario, Quebec
          
          Poisonous Plant Parts
          
            Most parts of poison sumac contain the allergen except the pollen, anthers, xylem, and 
            epidermis. Damage to plant parts releases the sap that contains the allergen. The allergen 
            occurs in the plant sap, which is found in all plant parts except the pollen, anthers, 
            xylem, and epidermis. If the stems are damaged they can release the allergen, even in the
            winter. The roots are also dangerous.